1) Intention & Basmalah
- Form the intention in your heart to perform wudu for worship.
- Say the basmalah (recommended):
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ
Bismillāh
2) Wash hands ×3
- Start with right hand, then left, up to wrists, as Sunnah before entering core fard.
- Remove tangible dirt/impurities if present.
3) Rinse mouth (madmaḍah) ×3
- Swirl water around and expel. Using the right hand to scoop is recommended.
- Avoid swallowing if fasting; do it lightly.
4) Rinse nose (istinshāq) & expel (istinṯār) ×3
- Gently sniff water into the nostrils with the right hand, expel with the left.
- Lightly when fasting.
5) Wash face ×3 (FARD)
- Bounds: hairline to chin, ear to ear. Ensure water reaches all areas (around nose, lips).
- For a sparse beard: ensure water reaches the skin beneath.
6) Wash arms including elbows ×3 (FARD)
- Right then left; remove rings/watches to ensure water reaches skin.
7) Wipe head (masḥ) (FARD)
- Wet hands and wipe head once. Schools differ on minimum; full wipe is recommended.
- Ears: many treat as part of head‑wipe — wipe inside with index fingers, outside with thumbs (once).
- Nape/neck wipe has weak basis; omit to be safe.
8) Wash feet including ankles ×3 (FARD)
- Right then left. Rub between toes (khilāl). Ensure heels/ankles are fully washed.
9) Closing dhikr
- Recite the shahāda and the dua after wudu.
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ — اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
Ashhadu an lā ilāha illallāh, wahdahu lā sharīka lah, wa ashhadu anna Muḥammadan ‘abduhu wa rasūluh. — Allāhummaj‘alnī mina t‑tawwābīn waj‘alnī minal‑muṭaṭahhirīn.